Richard Hoggart is an influential public cultural figure. He is the founder of the term Cultural Studies and in 1964 established the Centre for Contemporary Cultural Studies [CCCS] in Birmingham, England.(1) He was also the first literary critic to acknowledge the working class seriously as well as expanding the parameters of criticism to include popular and the working class.(2)

(1) www.en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richard_Hoggart
(2) www.ccue.ac.uk/fileadmin/documents/ccue_spring2006.pdf

Stuart Hall is a Jamaican culture theorist and sociologist. He was invited by Hoggart to join him at the CCCS in 1964 and expanded the areas of Race and Gender at the centre.(1) In his essay The Work of Representation, 1997 he discusses the representation in postcolonial analysis, in which he approaches representation as the medium process through which meaning associations, and values are socially constructed and reified by people in a shared culture. According to him, we give things meaning by how we represent them. The politics of representation, then, revolve around issues of power and control over one’s own self and its representations and reproduction by others. This results to the representations in dominant culture in the act of unreflexively representation where within it causes male over female, us over them, high over low.(2)

(1) www.en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stuart_Hall_(cultural_theorist)

(2) www.sas.upenn.edu/~nsalazar/Postcolonial.pdf


Ecole de Chicago


Raymond Williams with Hoggart was the founder of the international discpline of Cultrual Studies as well as an influential figure within the New Left.(1)

(1) www.studiesinanti-capitalism.net/StudiesInAnti-Capitalism/Studies_in_Anti-Capitalism.html

Edward P. Thompson an English marxist and historian was an important intellectual member of the communist party and left the party during the soviet repression of the Hungry uprising.(1) Thompson then created with John Saville a journal the New Reasoner - an Ênglish Socialist magazine, which reflected the rise of socialist-humanism in eastern europe.(2) His book The Making of the English Working Class (1963) is about the forgotten history of the first working-class political left in the world in the late-18th and early-19th centuries. He discusses . . . .

(1) www.marxists.org/glossary/people/t/h.htm
(2) www.marxists.org/glossary/people/t/h.htm

Roland Barthes was a French literary critic, literary and social theorist, philosopher, and semiotician.As Barthes' work with structuralism began to flourish around the time of his debates with Picard, his investigation of structure focused on revealing the importance of language in writing, which he felt was overlooked by old criticism. Barthes' “Introduction to the Structural Analysis of Narratives” is concerned with examining the correspondence between the structure of a sentence and that of a larger narrative, thus allowing narrative to be viewed along linguistic lines. Barthes split this work into three hierarchical levels: ‘functions’, ‘actions’ and ‘narrative’. Known for his study of semiotics

Michel Foucault was a French historian and philosopher, associated with the structuralist and post-structuralist movements. He has had wide influence not only (or even primarily) in philosophy but also in a wide range of humanistic and social scientific disciplines. Foucault's work on power, and the relationships among power, knowledge, and discourse, has been widely discussed and applied

Judith Butler is Professor of Comparative Literature and Rhetoric at the University of California, Berkeley, and is well known as a theorist of power, gender, sexuality and identity.

Frantz Fanon is a leading theoretician of black consciousness and identity, nationalism and its failings, colonial rule and the inherently "violent" task of decolonization, language as an index of power, miscegenation, and the objectification of the performative black body. His popularity and influence on more recent post-colonial readings of black liberation and nationalism perhaps serve as an index of his centrality to the movement for Algierian self-determination in the 1950's that shaped his diverse career as a political activist and critic.(1)

(1) www.scholars.nus.edu/post/poldiscourse/fanon/fanon1.html

Edouard Glissant is a French writer, poet and literary critic. He is another influential figure in Caribbean thought and cultural commentary.(1)

(1) www.edouardglissant.com

Michel de Certeau was a French Jesuit and scholar whose work combined psychoanalysis, philosophy, and the social sciences.(1)

(1) www.en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Michel_de_Certeau